«Stilo… memoriaeque mandavi»: Two and a Half Conspiracies. Auctors, Actors, Confessions, Records, and Models

Conspiracies frustrate contemporaries, historiographers, and historians. This article explores roles, focalization, confession in three conspiracies related to Italy, from the 6th, 4th, 9th centuries respectively. The protagonists include Boethius, Silvanus, Theodulf of Orléans. main contribution is a philological historiographical re-evaluation Theodulf’s role revolt Bernard Italy against Louis Pious (817/18), arguing that advised about punishment conspirators. Boethius first emerges as historico-political exemplum (though his Cons.) Modoin’s rescriptum (Theodulf, C. 73 [820/21]).